{"id":1644,"date":"2019-11-26T09:54:03","date_gmt":"2019-11-26T07:54:03","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/?page_id=1644"},"modified":"2021-01-27T18:21:30","modified_gmt":"2021-01-27T16:21:30","slug":"1-9","status":"publish","type":"page","link":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/","title":{"rendered":"1.9"},"content":{"rendered":"

OLEKSANDR PALLADIN AS PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UKRAINIAN SSR (1946\u20131962): THE STEPS OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS TO THE FOREFRONT OF THE WORLD SCIENCE<\/strong><\/p>\n

1 <\/sup>V.M. GAMALIIA
\n<\/strong>https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0433-453X
\n<\/a>1<\/sup> State University of Infrastructure and Technologies of the Ministry for Education and Science of Ukraine<\/p>\n

Nauka naukozn. 2019, 3(105): 106-121
\nhttps:\/\/doi.org\/10.15407\/sofs2019.03.106<\/a><\/p>\n

Section<\/strong>: Science and technology history
\nLanguage<\/strong>: Ukrainian
\nAbstract<\/strong>: The article offers a review of the state and characteristics of the Academy sector of the Ukrainian science & technology system in the post-war years during O.V. Palladin\u2019s activities as President of the Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR (1946\u20131962), which helped establish an underlying principle of comparative-evolutionary field in biochemistry: the principle of biochemical unity of the organic world. The Palladin\u2019s contribution to biochemistry gives grounds to position him as a founder of the modern biochemical science.<\/p>\n

It is demonstrated that apart from internal factors, peculiar features of the Academy sector in Ukraine in times of Palladin\u2019s presidency were conditional on the external environment that had been subject to heavy ideological pressures from the communist power; the essence of economic, political and social factors with impact on the science & technology operation in Uk raine of that time are highlighted. An account of the life and scientific carrier of Palladin before his election as the president of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences is given: his studies in Saint-Petersburg University, early work in the biochemistry field in the city of Kharkiv, his organizational and teaching activities before World War II; his work in Kharkiv Biochemical Institute, subsequently incorporated in the Academy of Sciences. A story of the Institute\u2019s operation in the pre-war and war period is given.<\/p>\n

A significant part of the article is devoted to the description of events in the post-war period (till the middle of 50s), which severely undermined genetics in the Soviet Union, and in the second half of 50s, i. e. in the period of the so called \u201cKhrushchev thaw\u201d, marked by the weakening political pressures on the science & technology sector.<\/p>\n

The achievements of Ukrainian scientists in various research fields are analyzed: physics and chemistry, mathematics, biochemistry and genetics, radio physics and electronics, etc. Priority directions for the development of the Ukrainian science and technology in 1946\u20131962 are identified: nuclear physics, atomic energy, semiconductors, computer technology, rare and flying non-ferrous metals, plastics and artificial fiber, biochemistry of the nervous system, etc. The significance of Palladin\u2019s work for further development and worldwide recognition of the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences is emphasized.<\/p>\n

Keywords<\/strong>: Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian Soviet Socialist Republic, biochemistry, physiological science, genetics, institute of biochemistry.<\/strong><\/p>\n

REFERENCES<\/strong><\/p>\n

    \n
  1. The Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine, form 1, register 23, case 2848, sheet 99 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  2. Mirzoyan, E.N. (1984). Development of comparative and evolutionary biochemistry in Russia.<\/em> Moscow: Nauka, 272 [in Russian].<\/li>\n
  3. (1942). Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR, 1, 5-9 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  4. Palladin, O.V. (1942). Vitamin K and its usage for bleeding control. Bulletin of the Academy of Sciences of Ukrainian SSR,<\/em> 3-4, 89-92 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  5. Kulchytsky, S., Pavlenko, Yu., Ruda, S., Khramov, Yu. (2000). History of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine within social and political context. 1918<\/em>–<\/em>1998.<\/em> Kyiv: Phoenix, 627 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  6. The Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine, form 1, register 30, case 989, sheet 62 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  7. Archive of the Presidium of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, form 251, register 1, case 294, sheets 7-9 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  8. The Central State Archives of Higher Authorities and Administration of Ukraine, form 342, register 14, storage unit 3602 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  9. Duplenko, Yu.K. (2001). The negative impact of the \u00abPavlovsk Session\u00bb on the development of physiology in Ukraine. Science and science of science,<\/em> 3, 116\u2013120 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  10. (1955). The CPSU in resolutions and decisions of congresses, conferences and plenums of the Central Committee of the CPSU. Moscow: Institute of Marxism-Leninism under the Central Committee of the CPSU, vol. 8, 542 [in Russian].<\/li>\n
  11. The Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine, form 1, register 23, case 4591, sheets 73-74 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  12. (1985). Development of biology in Ukraine (Vols. 1-3). Kiev: Naukova dumka, vol. 3, 448 [in Russian].<\/li>\n
  13. The Central State Archive of Public Associations of Ukraine, form 1, register 24, case 4491, sheets 49-57 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  14. Utevsky, A.M. (1975). Oleksandr Volodymyrovych Palladin<\/em>. Kyiv: Naukova dumka, 135 [in Ukrainian].<\/li>\n
  15. Palladin, A.V. (1972). Brain proteins<\/em>. Kiev: Naukova dumka, 315 [in Russian].<\/li>\n<\/ol>\n

    Full Text (PDF)<\/strong><\/a><\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

    OLEKSANDR PALLADIN AS PRESIDENT OF THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF THE UKRAINIAN SSR (1946\u20131962): THE STEPS OF ACADEMIC INSTITUTIONS TO THE FOREFRONT OF THE WORLD SCIENCE 1 V.M. GAMALIIA https:\/\/orcid.org\/0000-0002-0433-453X 1 State University of Infrastructure and Technologies of the Ministry for Education and Science of Ukraine Nauka naukozn. 2019, 3(105): 106-121 https:\/\/doi.org\/10.15407\/sofs2019.03.106 Section: Science and […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":1,"featured_media":0,"parent":1564,"menu_order":0,"comment_status":"closed","ping_status":"closed","template":"","meta":{"footnotes":""},"translation":{"provider":"WPGlobus","version":"2.12.2","language":"en","enabled_languages":["uk","en","ru"],"languages":{"uk":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"en":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false},"ru":{"title":true,"content":true,"excerpt":false}}},"yoast_head":"\n1.9 - Science and Science of Science<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, follow, max-snippet:-1, max-image-preview:large, max-video-preview:-1\" \/>\n<link rel=\"canonical\" href=\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:locale\" content=\"en_US\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:type\" content=\"article\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:title\" content=\"1.9 - Science and Science of Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:url\" content=\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/\" \/>\n<meta property=\"og:site_name\" content=\"Science and Science of Science\" \/>\n<meta property=\"article:modified_time\" content=\"2021-01-27T16:21:30+00:00\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:card\" content=\"summary_large_image\" \/>\n<meta name=\"twitter:label1\" content=\"Est. reading time\" \/>\n\t<meta name=\"twitter:data1\" content=\"4 minutes\" \/>\n<script type=\"application\/ld+json\" class=\"yoast-schema-graph\">{\"@context\":\"https:\/\/schema.org\",\"@graph\":[{\"@type\":\"WebPage\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/\",\"name\":\"1.9 - Science and Science of Science\",\"isPartOf\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/#website\"},\"datePublished\":\"2019-11-26T07:54:03+00:00\",\"dateModified\":\"2021-01-27T16:21:30+00:00\",\"breadcrumb\":{\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/#breadcrumb\"},\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"ReadAction\",\"target\":[\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/\"]}]},{\"@type\":\"BreadcrumbList\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/#breadcrumb\",\"itemListElement\":[{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":1,\"name\":\"Home\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":2,\"name\":\"\u041f\u0440\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":3,\"name\":\"\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0432\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":4,\"name\":\"2019\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":5,\"name\":\"2019 \u21163 (105)\",\"item\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/\"},{\"@type\":\"ListItem\",\"position\":6,\"name\":\"1.9\"}]},{\"@type\":\"WebSite\",\"@id\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/#website\",\"url\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/\",\"name\":\"Science and Science of Science\",\"description\":\"international scientific journal\",\"potentialAction\":[{\"@type\":\"SearchAction\",\"target\":{\"@type\":\"EntryPoint\",\"urlTemplate\":\"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/?s={search_term_string}\"},\"query-input\":\"required name=search_term_string\"}],\"inLanguage\":\"en-US\"}]}<\/script>\n<!-- \/ Yoast SEO plugin. -->","yoast_head_json":{"title":"1.9 - Science and Science of Science","robots":{"index":"index","follow":"follow","max-snippet":"max-snippet:-1","max-image-preview":"max-image-preview:large","max-video-preview":"max-video-preview:-1"},"canonical":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/","og_locale":"en_US","og_type":"article","og_title":"1.9 - Science and Science of Science","og_url":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/","og_site_name":"Science and Science of Science","article_modified_time":"2021-01-27T16:21:30+00:00","twitter_card":"summary_large_image","twitter_misc":{"Est. reading time":"4 minutes"},"schema":{"@context":"https:\/\/schema.org","@graph":[{"@type":"WebPage","@id":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/","url":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/","name":"1.9 - Science and Science of Science","isPartOf":{"@id":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/#website"},"datePublished":"2019-11-26T07:54:03+00:00","dateModified":"2021-01-27T16:21:30+00:00","breadcrumb":{"@id":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/#breadcrumb"},"inLanguage":"en-US","potentialAction":[{"@type":"ReadAction","target":["https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/"]}]},{"@type":"BreadcrumbList","@id":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/1-9\/#breadcrumb","itemListElement":[{"@type":"ListItem","position":1,"name":"Home","item":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":2,"name":"\u041f\u0440\u043e \u0436\u0443\u0440\u043d\u0430\u043b","item":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":3,"name":"\u0410\u0440\u0445\u0456\u0432","item":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":4,"name":"2019","item":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":5,"name":"2019 \u21163 (105)","item":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/sample-page\/arhiv\/2018-2\/2019-3-105\/"},{"@type":"ListItem","position":6,"name":"1.9"}]},{"@type":"WebSite","@id":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/#website","url":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/","name":"Science and Science of Science","description":"international scientific journal","potentialAction":[{"@type":"SearchAction","target":{"@type":"EntryPoint","urlTemplate":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/?s={search_term_string}"},"query-input":"required name=search_term_string"}],"inLanguage":"en-US"}]}},"_links":{"self":[{"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644"}],"collection":[{"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages"}],"about":[{"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/types\/page"}],"author":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/users\/1"}],"replies":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/comments?post=1644"}],"version-history":[{"count":18,"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644\/revisions"}],"predecessor-version":[{"id":4409,"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1644\/revisions\/4409"}],"up":[{"embeddable":true,"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/pages\/1564"}],"wp:attachment":[{"href":"https:\/\/sofs.org.ua\/en\/wp-json\/wp\/v2\/media?parent=1644"}],"curies":[{"name":"wp","href":"https:\/\/api.w.org\/{rel}","templated":true}]}}