RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT CARRIED OUT BY THE UKRAINIAN ENGINEERS IN PREPARING THE FIRST HUMAN SPACEFLIGHT
N.V. ZAKREVSKA 1
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-6084-0157
I.O. VYSHNEVETSKA 1
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-0102-244X
1 S. Korolev National Space Museum, Zhytomyr, Ukraine
Nauka naukozn. 2021, 4(114): 138—145
https://doi.org/10.15407/sofs2021.04.138
Section: Science and technology history
Language: Ukrainian
Abstract: The authors reveal secret pages in the space story of Ukraine using the narrative method of research and the method of interview. They describe a significant contribution made by the Ukrainian enterprises and individual design engineers in the development of launch vehicle control systems, targeting spacecraft with orbital stations and providing radio communication during the first space missions. The article contains a fragment of the interview with Mykola Tumarkin, a leading researcher of S. Korolev National Space Museum, a former member of the team of young engineers at the Research Institute for Electro-Mechanical Instruments, engaged in creating a tape recorder for spaceflight purposes. The interview with M. Tumarkin was conducted on September 10, 2020. Also, the directives pertaining to the results of the Vostok spaceflight and the follow-up plans concerning launches of this spacecraft series, issued at the Research Institute for Electro-Mechanical Instruments, were analyzed. The conclusion is made about the efficiency of narrative approach in investigating the Ukraine’s contribution in the space industry. It is stressed that using of oral recollections in the historical science can help preserve the factual memory in the science and technology history.
Keywords: Research Institute for Electro-Mechanical Instruments, Mykola Tumarkin, Vostok spacecraft, radio communication, tape recorder, “Zvezda” device.
References
- 1. Provozin, O.P. (2020). Space Flight Safety. Dedicated to 60 Years of «Zvezda» Recorder and Yuri Gagarin’s Flight. Business and Finance, 4(138), 36—42 [in Russian].
