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1.3

G.M. DOBROV’S «CAPUTOLOGY» AS A NEW VISION OF THE PARADIGMAL SOCIO-ECONOMIC CONSEQUENCES OF INNOVATION AND TECHNOLOGICAL DEVELOPMENT OF THE ECONOMY

1 V.P. SOLOVIOV,
https://orcid.org/0000-0001-5087-9007
1A.S. SOSNOV
https://orcid.org/0000-0002-4776-1806
1Dobrov Institute for Scientific and Technological Potential and Science History Studies of the NAS of Ukraine

Nauka naukozn. 2019, 2(104): 17-30
https://doi.org/10.15407/sofs2019.02.017

Section: The 90th Anniversary Gennady Dobrov
Language: Russian
Abstract: Euphoria from technological success in the latter half of 20th century used to be associated with expectations of only positive multiplicative economic effects. But subsequently they had to be changed by pessimism and disbelief in the economic power of innovations. Now it is obvious that innovations intended to solve specific technological problems tend to provoke negative social reactions. It is caused by the fact that the target function of innovation, to increase the labor productivity, tend to reduce jobs and enhance social tensions; innovation products may behave in an unpredictable manner at sectoral markets, drastically changing producer-consumer links at related markets, but not at the market from where an innovative product originates. These contradictions are quite often related with the behavioral features of innovators. This fact was revealed in the work of G.M. Dobrov “Caputology, or applied system analysis of failures”, written in 80s of the past century, but published only in 2004. In it the author raises a set of paradigmal scientific problems related with socio-economic consequences of innovation and technology-driven economic development, which became particularly pronounced only in 21th century. This work is valuable because, contrary to modern experts on innovation forecasting, prone to gloomy expectations, G.M. Dobrov’s discourse about the technological progress is optimistic. He realized that we were to face tremendous problems related with innovation management and prevention of numerous conflicts triggered by technological development. This book is filled with optimism and confidence that given a correct and scientifically grounded system approach, we will be able to turn failures into success. The contradictory nature of the impact of innovation activities on economic growth and economic development in global and local scales is illustrated in the article in the retrospective (luddite movement in England) and modern context, when advanced technologies create a phenomenon called technological unemployment. A methodological interpretation of socioeconomic consequences of the innovation technology-driven economic development is given by use of paradigmal theses of the abovementioned work of G.M. Dobrov.

Keywords: innovations, technological development, system approach, multiplicative effects of innovations, information technologies, technological singularity.

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