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1.7

THE WORK OF THE PROMINENT BOTANIST E.P. VOTCHAL (1864–1937) IN THE ACADEMY OF SCIENCES OF UKRAINE

H.V. SOLDATOVA
https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2259-2046
Dobrov Institute for Scientific and Technological Potential and Science History Studies of the NAS of Ukraine

Nauka naukozn. 2021, 1(111): 81-93
https://doi.org/10.15407/sofs2021.01.081

Section: Science and technology history
Language: Ukrainian
Abstract: The article deals with the research envelope of E.P. Votchal (1864—1937), prominent plant biologist and physiologist, academician in the Ukrainian Academy of Sciences — All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences — Academy of Sciences of the Ukrainian SSR. The research sources are the reports of the Academy of Sciences of Ukraine, monographs, articles, information from publications on the history of the National Academy of Sciences of Ukraine. The relevance of the topic is due to both the lack of a comprehensive study of the activities of Academician E.P. Votchal, and the insufficient reflection in the literature of the scientist’s scientific heritage, which had a significant impact on the development of various branches of botanical science, agriculture and industry in Ukraine.

In the context of the coverage of Votchal’s activities, the reports of the All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences for 1921—1923 and 1925—1927 were analyzed for the first time. As a result of the search, the role of the scientist in the formation of the Academy, the creation of a network of its research institutions, the development of new directions of research was determined. The contribution of E.P. Votchal to the formation of research institutions in the Ukrainian SSR has been recognized.

The contribution of E.P. Votchal to the development of plant physiology in Ukraine is shown; a series of fundamental, theoretical and applied problems on which he worked is outlined such as electrophysiological research, water balance and physiology of tree species, drought tolerance, physiology of photosynthesis. The influence of Votchal’s scientific and organizational work on the solution of many important problems of the agricultural sector, the development of turpentine production and forestry is emphasized.

E.P. Votchal’s role in the work of the Agricultural Scientific Committee of the Ukraine is determined. The main areas of research conducted by the Department of Biology of Crops and Forest Plants of the Аll-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences are covered. Academician E.P. Votchal’s contribution to the activities of Plant Biology Institute in the Аll-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences is noted.

The key role of E.P. Votchal as organizer of turpentine-tapping production and founder of new research fields, ecological plant physiology and field plant physiology, is emphasized. The main areas of E.P. Votchal’s research in the ecological plant physiology context (water moving mechanisms in plants, drought-stability of agricultural crops, ecological and physiological research of photosynthesis, peculiarities of the field plant physiology) are outlined.

Keywords: All-Ukrainian Academy of Sciences, plant physiology Department for Biology of Crops and Forest Plants, drought tolerance, agricultural plants.

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